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异嗜性鼠白血病病毒相关病毒(xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus,XMRV)是迄今发现的第一种可以感染人类的r逆转录病毒。XMRV最初于2006年在RNase L基因缺陷型的前列腺癌组织中首次被鉴定,其序列与鼠科白血病病毒(murine leukemia virus,MLV)十分相似。目前,北美、欧洲和亚洲的多个研究机构在人类前列腺癌和慢性疲劳综合征(chronic fatigue syndrome,CFS)患者中检测到XMRV。但不同研究间结果差异很大,XMRV感染与人类疾病之间的相关性尚不明确。该文综述了目前XMRV的相关研究进展,包括与人类疾病的关系、XMRV的基本特征、病理生理学可能的机制等方面,并就今后研究趋势和注意问题进行了讨论。
Xenotrophic murine leukemia virus-related virus (xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus, XMRV) is by far the first r retrovirus that can infect humans. XMRV was first identified in 2006 in RNase L gene-deficient prostate cancer tissues, and its sequence is very similar to murine leukemia virus (MLV). Currently, several research institutes in North America, Europe and Asia detect XMRV in human prostate cancer and patients with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). However, the results vary greatly from one study to another and the correlation between XMRV infection and human disease remains unclear. This article summarizes the current research progress of XMRV, including the relationship with human diseases, the basic features of XMRV and the possible mechanisms of pathophysiology. The future research trends and attention issues are also discussed.