论文部分内容阅读
喉的神经源性肿瘤罕见,文献曾报道115例。本文报告3例:1例为喉神经纤维瘤,两例为喉神经鞘瘤,肿物都在粘膜下,声门上型。3例均从咽侧进路行局部切除。神经鞘瘤与神经纤维瘤在病理学上较难区分。神经鞘瘤通常是单发、光滑、卵圆形肿物,有包膜,极少恶变。而神经纤维瘤通常多发,不规则形状,无包膜,恶变率为10～20％。喉神经鞘瘤可发生于各年龄组,女性稍多,可表现为喉痛、咽痛、吞咽困难、喘鸣、呼吸困难、声嘶以及喉内异物感。病变部位常在杓会皱襞和声带,也有在会厌和梨状窝者。由于多发于声门上区,认为最常见的神经来源是喉上神经内支,源于喉返神经者少见。
Neurogenic tumors of the larynx are rare, and 115 cases have been reported in the literature. This article reports 3 cases: 1 case of laryngeal nerve fibroids, 2 cases of laryngeal schwannoma, tumors are in the submucosal, supraglottic type. All 3 cases received local resection from the pharyngeal approach. Schwannoma and neurofibroma are difficult to distinguish pathologically. Schwannomas are usually solitary, smooth, oval round, enveloped, and rarely malignant. Neurofibromas are usually multiple, irregular, and non-enveloped, with malignant transformation rates of 10 to 20%. Laryngeal schwannomas can occur in all age groups, with slightly more women, and may present with sore throat, sore throat, difficulty swallowing, wheezing, difficulty breathing, hoarseness and foreign body sensation in the throat. The lesions are often found in the genital folds and vocal cords, as well as in the epiglottis and pear-shaped fossa. Due to multiple supraglottic areas, the most common source of nerves is believed to be the suprahamal nerve inner branch, which is rare from the recurrent laryngeal nerve.