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目的建立模拟高原条件下大鼠爆炸性颅脑外伤的动物模型,研究其伤情特点。方法用动物低压氧舱模拟高原环境,设计实验用大鼠爆炸性颅脑创伤实验舱,运用8#军用雷管,爆心距离日标18cm,建立大鼠爆炸性颅脑创伤的模型,观察该模型的动物行为学、病理学、脑含水量、血脑屏障开放程度和脑组织氧分压等结果,认识高原开放性颅脑创伤伤情特点。结果本实验制备的爆炸性颅脑创伤动物模型,伤情稳定,可重复性好；高原致伤组与平原致伤组均存在：(1)病理检查发现神经元细胞核、尼氏体和细胞器出现不同程度的损伤及缺血性改变。(2)脑含水量测定提示存在脑水肿。(3)伊文思蓝荧光染料示踪血脑屏障通透性存在不同程度的血脑屏障开放。(4)激光多普勒脑血流及脑组织氧分压监测提示脑组织局部缺血缺氧表现,两组比较,高原致伤组上述结果更严重,持续时间更长。结论本实验制备的动物模型,可以模拟高原环境的爆炸性颅脑创伤,高原致伤组与平原致伤组比较,其损伤程度更严重,持续时间更长。
OBJECTIVE: To establish an animal model of simulated traumatic brain injury in rats under simulated plateau conditions and investigate the characteristics of the injury. Methods The animal model of explosive traumatic brain injury was established by simulating the plateau environment with animal hypobaric oxygen chamber. Experimental rat model of explosive traumatic brain injury was designed, and 8 # military detonator was used. Learning, pathology, brain water content, the degree of openness of the blood-brain barrier and partial pressure of oxygen in brain tissue, and so on. Results The animal model of explosive craniocerebral trauma prepared in this study was stable with good repeatability. The plaque-injured and plaque-injured groups were all present as follows: (1) The neuron nucleus, Nissl body and organelle were different in pathological examination Degree of injury and ischemic changes. (2) brain water content suggests that there is cerebral edema. (3) Evans blue fluorescent dye tracing the blood-brain barrier permeability There are different degrees of blood-brain barrier opening. (4) Laser Doppler cerebral blood flow and oxygen partial pressure monitoring of brain tissue suggest cerebral ischemia and hypoxia. Compared with the two groups, the above-mentioned results of the plateau injury group are more serious and last longer. Conclusion The animal model prepared in this experiment can simulate the explosive craniocerebral trauma in the plateau environment. Compared with the plain injury group, the injury degree is more serious and lasts longer.