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目的 :了解社区Ⅱ型糖尿病患者及家属饮食知识知晓情况,分析其影响因素,为其进行合理的饮食指导以及开发针对性的健康教育对策提供依据。方法 :采用整群随机抽样法抽取长沙市某社区151名Ⅱ型糖尿病患者及149名家属(非Ⅱ型糖尿病患者)作为调查对象进行问卷调查,调查内容包括基本情况和糖尿病相关的饮食知识知晓情况。结果 :社区Ⅱ型糖尿病患者及家属对饮食知识总知晓率为55.8%,其中食物交换法知识的知晓率仅44%;患者的饮食知识知晓情况高于家属,其中“营养物质均衡知识”、“血糖指数和饮食误区”的知晓情况患者均高于家属,而“一般知识”患者低于家属;患者及家属不同教育程度、月收入的饮食知识得分存在差异;病程不同的患者饮食知识得分存在差异。结论 :社区Ⅱ型糖尿病患者及家属饮食知识知晓率偏低;饮食知识掌握不全面;Ⅱ型糖尿病患者及家属饮食知识知晓情况受教育程度、月收入、病程长短等因素影响。
OBJECTIVE: To understand the status of dietary knowledge of patients with type 2 diabetes and their relatives in community and to analyze their influencing factors, so as to provide basis for their proper dietary guidance and development of targeted health education measures. Methods: One hundred and fifty-one type II diabetics and 149 family members (non-type II diabetics) of a certain community in Changsha were selected as sample by cluster sampling method to conduct questionnaire survey. The survey included the basic information and awareness of diabetes-related dietary knowledge . Results: The total awareness rate of dietary knowledge in community type II diabetes patients and relatives was 55.8%, of which the awareness rate of food exchange law was only 44%. The patients’ knowledge of dietary knowledge was higher than that of their relatives. Among them, “Knowledge of Nutrient Equilibrium” , “Glycemic index and dietary misunderstanding” were higher than those in the family members, and “general knowledge ” patients were lower than their relatives; patients and their families had different educational level and monthly income, There are differences in patients’ diet knowledge scores. Conclusion: The awareness rate of dietary knowledge of patients with type Ⅱ diabetes and their family members is low; the knowledge of dietary knowledge is not comprehensive; the knowledge of dietary knowledge of type Ⅱ diabetic patients and their families is influenced by educational level, monthly income, duration of disease and other factors.