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对２２例上尿路结石所致肾积水患者手术前后病侧肾脏尿液中β２Ｍ微球蛋白（β２Ｍ）含量进行放免检测。术前所有患者病肾尿中β２Ｍ含量均明显高于正常。肾积水越重，其术前及术后尿中β２Ｍ含量越高；反之越低。合并感染患者，其术前及术后病肾尿中β２Ｍ含量较未感染者明显增高。术后两周时，轻度肾积水患者病肾尿中β２Ｍ含量较术前显著降低；但中度及重度肾积水患者病肾尿中β２Ｍ含量无明显降低。结果提示：肾积水越重，肾功能损害越严重，肾功能恢复所需时间也更长；合并感染可加重病肾肾功能的损害。
The radioimmunoassay of β2M microglobulin (β2M) in the urine of patients with hydronephrosis caused by upper urinary tract stones before and after operation was performed in 22 patients. Preoperative renal disease in all patients with β2M content were significantly higher than normal. Hydronephrosis more severe, preoperative and postoperative urinary β2M content higher; the other hand, the lower. Patients with co-infection, preoperative and postoperative disease, urinary β2M content was significantly higher than those without infection. Two weeks after operation, patients with mild hydronephrosis had significantly lower β2M levels in the kidney than those preoperatively, but there was no significant decrease in β2M levels in patients with moderate and severe hydronephrosis. The results suggest that: the more severe hydronephrosis, renal damage more serious, the time required for the recovery of renal function longer; combined infection can increase the damage of kidney disease.