一、蒸腾作用: 葡萄植株从绿色部分,特别是叶子,大量失水。植株不同发育时期需水量不同,也决定于气候。葡萄大约每年需水每英亩15—50吋。失水主要是蒸发掉,但这过程不完全是物理现象,因为水分是受植物本身控制。影响失水的外界环境条件重要的是光强度、温度、湿度和风。光有双重影响。主要是影响气孔的开闭。气孔在葡萄叶背表皮上最多,它们在光下开张,在黑暗中关闭。光 First, transpiration: grape plants from the green part, especially the leaves, a large number of water loss. Different water levels of plants at different development stages, but also decided by the climate. Grapes are about 15-50 inches per acre each year. Water loss is mainly evaporative, but the process is not entirely a physical phenomenon because the water is controlled by the plant itself. Affect the water loss of the external environmental conditions is the light intensity, temperature, humidity and wind. Light has a double impact. Mainly affect the stomatal opening and closing. The stomata are most abundant on the grape leaf dorsal epidermis, they open in light, and close in the dark. Light