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目的分析深圳市龙岗区1起SY学校腺病毒感染暴发疫情的流行特点和发生原因,为制定防制策略提供依据。方法对病例报告学校开展流行病学调查了解疫情发生原因;采集患者咽拭子样本,用实时荧光定量逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)进行A型流感、B型流感和腺病毒核酸检测。结果 2014年11月18日至12月7日共搜索到病例17例,所有病例均发生在一年级(6)班,罹患率为34.00%(17/50),病例中男生10人,女生7人。首例病例,男,7岁,于2014年11月18日起陆续出现流涕、咳嗽和发热等症状,入院治疗,于12月7日痊愈出院;17例患者的临床表现以发热、咳嗽、咽痛等急性上呼吸道症状为主。实验室检测9份咽拭子标本(RT-PCR),其中3份为腺病毒核酸阳性。与患病学生互为好友关系或秋游时邻座的学生发病的比例高达88.24%(15/17)。结论该起疫情可能是1起因密切接触导致的腺病毒感染暴发疫情,学校应加强教室通风和消毒工作、加强流感防控知识宣传等。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and causes of 1 outbreak of Adenovirus infection in SY School in Longgang District, Shenzhen, and provide evidence for the establishment of control strategy. Methods Epidemiological investigation was carried out in case report schools to understand the cause of the outbreak. Samples of throat swabs were collected and detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for type A influenza, type B influenza and adenovirus nucleic acid . Results A total of 17 cases were searched from November 18 to December 7, 2014. All the cases occurred in the first grade (6) classes with the rate of 34.00% (17/50). Among the cases, 10 were male and 7 female people. The first case, male, aged 7, developed symptoms of runny nose, cough and fever successively after November 18, 2014. All patients were admitted to hospital for treatment and were discharged on December 7. The clinical manifestations of 17 patients were fever, cough, Sore throat and other acute upper respiratory symptoms based. Laboratory tests of 9 throat swab specimens (RT-PCR), of which 3 were positive for adenovirus nucleic acid. As a result, the percentage of students who were close friends with each other or fall asleep was as high as 88.24% (15/17). Conclusion The outbreak may be caused by an outbreak of the outbreak of adenovirus infection caused by close contact. Schools should strengthen classroom ventilation and disinfection work and strengthen awareness of influenza prevention and control.