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引用地球化学敏感指数与敏感等值线的概念,对重庆雪玉洞地下河2010年9月～2011年8月的水化学数据进行分析,发现地下河水的化学成分受上覆基岩的控制,表现出高Ca2+、低Mg2+的特征,但受季风降雨的影响,水化学在旱、雨季存在较大差异:雨季各监测点[Mg2+]/[Ca2+](摩尔比)为0.018～0.051,旱季[Mg2+]/[Ca2+]为0.038～0.064,雨季要小于旱季;[HCO3-]/[SO42-](摩尔比)雨季为4.86～36.62,旱季为6.23～46.67,表现出高HCO3-低SO24-的特点.岩溶作用的季节性变化使得HCO3-、Ca2+成为最敏感的阴阳离子.由于岩溶区特殊的水文地质结构,雨水、地表水、地下水转化迅速,致使地下河对农业活动较为敏感,其中以Cl-、NO3-最为突出,敏感指数分别为0.286、0.022,在保护岩溶水资源时应引起重视.旅游活动对地下河的影响较小,主要与景区良好的管理有关,应提倡相关景区向其学习管理经验.做好地下河补给区的岩溶生态系统的管理工作,可发挥岩溶区地下河最大的经济与环境效益.
Based on the concept of geochemical sensitivity index and sensitive contour line, the hydrochemistry data of Xueyu underground river from September 2010 to August 2011 in Chongqing were analyzed. The chemical composition of underground river water was controlled by overlying bedrock, (Mg2 +) / [Ca2 +] (molar ratio) was 0.018 ~ 0.051 at each monitoring point in the rainy season, and the dry season [ Mg2 +] / [Ca2 +] was 0.038-0.064, and the rainy season was smaller than that of the dry season. The rainy season was 4.86-36.62 and the dry season was 6.23-46.67 [HCO3-] / [SO42-] The seasonal variation of karstification makes HCO3- and Ca2 + the most sensitive anion and cation.As a result of the special hydrogeological structure of karst area, the rapid conversion of rainwater, surface water and groundwater resulted in the underground river being more sensitive to agricultural activities. Cl- -, NO3- is the most prominent, the sensitive index is 0.286,0.022 respectively, which should be paid more attention to in protecting karst water resources.The tourism activities have less influence on the underground river, which is mainly related to the good management of the scenic area and should be encouraged to learn from the relevant scenic spots Managerial experience. Do a good job underground rock recharge area Ecosystem management, can maximize the economic and environmental benefits of underground rivers in karst area.