1992年6月联合国召开环境与发展大会,通过了全球《21世纪议程》,将可持续发展作为人类迈向新世纪的共同战略。可持续发展是一种全新的发展思想,它主张把资源与环境作为人类自身发展的内在因素,把社会经济发展置于人口、资源、环境协调发展之中。有鉴于此,世界各国都在研究探索如何以最小的资源和环境代价,换取最大的、长远的经济效益,不少国家和地区都编制了各自的行动计划,提出了一系列科学研究和重点解 In June 1992, the United Nations convened its Conference on Environment and Development and adopted the global “Agenda 21”, making sustainable development the common strategy of mankind towards a new century. Sustainable development is a brand new thought of development. It advocates that resources and environment should be taken as intrinsic factors for the development of human beings and that social and economic development be placed in a coordinated development of population, resources and environment. In view of this, all countries in the world are studying ways and means of obtaining the maximum and long-term economic benefits with minimal resources and environmental costs. Many countries and regions have formulated their own plans of action and put forward a series of scientific research and key solutions