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目的了解在校青少年艾滋病防治知识知晓率,评价开展艾滋病知识教育的效果,为进一步开展学校艾滋病健康教育提供科学依据。方法采用分层整群抽样方法,抽取福州市2所职业高中和2所普通高中的学生进行专题讲座,采用问卷调查评价健康教育效果。结果培训前学生对血液、母婴、性接触、共用注射器等主要传播途径的知晓水平较高,均在87.8%以上,对非传播途径的知晓较少,知晓率在54.2%～71.4%之内;培训后,学生的知晓率水平显著提高,对主要传播途径的知晓率达到92.0%以上,对非传播途径的知晓率提高到85.9%以上。防治知识的知晓率水平也显著提高。学生最希望获取知识的途径是通过电视。结论通过艾滋病专题讲座,青少年学生的艾滋病知晓率水平得到显著的提高,对艾滋病患者或感染者的态度有了正确的理解和认识,但仍需加强青少年预防艾滋病宣传教育工作。
Objective To understand the awareness rate of AIDS prevention and control among adolescents in school and evaluate the effect of AIDS knowledge education so as to provide a scientific basis for further AIDS health education in schools. Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was adopted to collect lectures from 2 vocational high schools and 2 general high schools in Fuzhou City, and questionnaires were used to evaluate the effect of health education. Results Before the training, the students knew well about the main routes of transmission such as blood, maternal and infant, sexual contact and shared syringes, all of them were above 87.8%, and they knew less about the route of non-transmission, with awareness rate ranging from 54.2% to 71.4% After the training, the level of awareness among the students increased significantly, the awareness of the main routes of transmission reached above 92.0%, and the awareness rate of non-transmission routes increased to over 85.9%. Knowledge of prevention and control of the level of awareness also increased significantly. Students most hope to gain knowledge through television. Conclusions Through AIDS lectures, the awareness rate of HIV / AIDS among young students has been significantly raised. The attitude toward AIDS patients or PLWHA is correctly understood and recognized. However, there is still a need to strengthen HIV / AIDS prevention and treatment among adolescents.