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目的探讨数字减影血管造影(DSA)监测下,利用实验猪建立急性肺栓塞动物模型的可行性。方法利用15头健康实验猪,在数字减影血管造影监测下,经股静脉穿刺,置入导丝及导管,到达右下肺动脉2-3级分支,将预先准备好的明胶海棉8 mm x 5 mm x 2 mm,经导管注入5个栓子,通过数字减影血管造影证实肺栓塞模型成功建立,同时观察实验猪于栓塞前和栓塞后3 h内不同时间段心率,血氧,肺动脉压,支气管黏膜的变化。造模成功后4 h处死动物,寻找右下肺动脉内的明胶海绵栓子。结果 15头动物猪均能造模成功,在栓塞前和栓塞后不同时间心率升高,血氧饱和度下降,肺动脉压升高,栓塞前后有明显的统计学差异(P<0.001),同时伴有支气管黏膜颜色改变,尸解后于右下肺动脉内可找到明胶海绵栓子。结论数字减影血管造影监测下,建立急性肺栓塞模型方法可行,成功率高。临床监测符合人类改变,可作为临床医师对此疾病的培训和临床研究。
Objective To investigate the feasibility of establishing an animal model of acute pulmonary embolism using experimental piglets under digital subtraction angiography (DSA). Methods Fifteen healthy pigs were examined by digital subtraction angiography. The femoral vein was punctured and inserted into the guide wire and catheter to reach the 2-3 branches of the right lower pulmonary artery. The prepared gelatin sponge 8 mm x 5 mm x 2 mm, 5 emboli were injected through the catheter. The pulmonary embolism model was successfully established by digital subtraction angiography. At the same time, the heart rate, blood oxygenation, pulmonary arterial pressure at different time points before and within 3 h after embolization , Bronchial mucosal changes. Animals were sacrificed 4 h after successful modeling to find gelatin sponge emboli in the right lower pulmonary artery. Results All the 15 pigs were successful in modeling. The heart rate increased, oxygen saturation decreased, pulmonary arterial pressure increased before embolization and at different time after embolization, there was significant difference before and after embolization (P <0.001) Bronchial mucosal color change, autopsy in the right lower pulmonary artery can be found gelatin sponge emboli. Conclusion Digital subtraction angiography monitoring, the establishment of acute pulmonary embolism model is feasible, high success rate. Clinical monitoring is in line with human changes and can be used as a clinician’s training and clinical research on this disease.