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语义范畴特异性损伤是指脑损伤病人识别某个或某些特定范畴物体的能力出现选择性损伤,而识别其他范畴物体的能力则保持相对完好的一种神经心理现象。人们采用了多种方法研究语义范畴特异性损伤现象,发现大多数患者表现为生物范畴的特殊损伤。这一现象引发了许多新理论和新观点,推动了语义表征理论的发展。
Semantic category-specific damage is a neuropsychological phenomenon in which the ability of a patient with brain damage to recognize one or more specific categories of objects is selectively damaged while the ability to recognize objects in other categories remains relatively intact. A variety of methods have been used to study the semantic category-specific damage and found that most patients exhibit specific damage in biological categories. This phenomenon has triggered many new theories and new ideas, and promoted the development of semantic representation theory.