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为保证塔机起重臂结构在安全工作条件下质量最轻,文章借助APDL语言在ANSYS中建立QTZ5010型塔机起重臂结构有限元模型,并进行静态仿真分析,得出起重臂结构应力应变情况及其富余量;以起重臂结构轻量化设计为目标,结构横截面尺寸为优化变量,极限工况载荷下结构应力应变为约束,建立了起重臂结构优化设计数学模型,并对其结构质量最小化进行迭代计算。迭代结果显示,起重臂结构质量减少了309kg,减轻了11.6%,实现了起重臂结构的轻量化设计,并且优化后的臂架结构强度比优化前有明显提升。分析结果表明建立的起重臂结构优化数学模型具有可行性,为现役塔机结构轻量化设计提供了参考。
In order to ensure the lightest weight of tower crane boom under safe working conditions, this paper builds the finite element model of QTZ5010 crane boom structure with APDL language in ANSYS, and carries on the static simulation analysis to get the structural stress Strain situation and its residual capacity. With the aim of lightweight design of the boom structure, the structural cross-sectional dimensions are optimized variables and the structural stress and strain under the ultimate working load are constrained, and the mathematical model of the optimal design of the boom structure is established. Its structure quality is minimized for iterative calculation. The results of iteration showed that the weight of the boom structure was reduced by 309kg and the weight of the boom was reduced by 11.6%. The lightweight design of the boom structure was achieved and the strength of the optimized boom structure was significantly improved compared with that before optimization. The analysis results show that the optimized mathematical model of the boom structure is feasible and provides a reference for lightweight design of tower crane structures.