石墨烯是一种新型的二维纳米碳材料,具有优良的物理、化学和机械性能,在储能器件、电子器件以及复合材料等诸多领域有广阔的应用前景。石墨烯的产业化生产一直是现在国际上材料科学研究的热点。在石墨烯的诸多制备方法中,电化学剥离方法具有快速高效、绿色环保等特点,有望实现产业化。首先综述了最近国内外电化学剥离法制备石墨烯和类石墨烯材料(BN和MoS2)的研究进展,并对其反应机理进行了探讨,然后简单介绍了石墨烯在光电子器件领域的研究现状和应用,最后对石墨烯前景进行了展望。 Graphene is a new type of two-dimensional nano-carbon material with excellent physical, chemical and mechanical properties. It has broad application prospects in energy storage devices, electronic devices and composite materials. The industrialized production of graphene has always been a hot spot in the field of materials science. Among the many preparation methods of graphene, the electrochemical stripping method has the characteristics of rapid and high efficiency, environmental protection and the like, and is expected to be industrialized. In this paper, the recent progress in the preparation of graphene and graphene-like materials (BN and MoS2) by electrochemical stripping is reviewed. The reaction mechanism is discussed. Then the research status and application of graphene in optoelectronic devices are briefly introduced Finally, the prospect of graphene is prospected.