步枪是一种历史悠久的肩射长管枪械,二战前使用的多为非自动式,有效射程为500～600米左右,装弹费时复杂,容易贻误战机,导致用枪刺和枪托作战。二战后,各国大力研制自动步枪,减轻枪重,缩短枪身,并 Rifle is a long history of shoulder shot tube firearms, mostly used before World War II non-automatic, the effective range of 500 to 600 meters, the loading time-consuming complex, easy to bungle fighter, leading to the use of barbed gun and rifle battles. After World War II, all countries vigorously developed automatic rifles, reducing gun weight, shortening the gun body, and