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中华人民共和国成立以来,土地制度一直是国家治理的重要依托。建国之初,国家经由土改实施了有效的社会基础结构重构,回应了国家治理中的合法性需求,并为随后的政治与经济制度变革创造了观念意识条件。这其中,国家在少数民族地区实施的土改为少数民族地区的基层政权建设、基层社会结构与秩序重构,乃至于民族认同的建设奠定了基础。从土地制度所具有的历史延续性来看,回溯建国初期土改中的国家治理逻辑,是理解当前国家土地制度的前提。
Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the land system has always been an important support for state governance. At the beginning of the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the state implemented effective reconstruction of social infrastructure through land reform, responded to the demand of legitimacy in state governance and created the conditions for ideological consciousness for the subsequent political and economic reform. Among these, the state has implemented the reform of grassroots power in ethnic minority areas to establish grassroots power in ethnic minority areas, and has laid the foundation for the construction of grassroots social structure and order, and even the establishment of national identity. Judging from the historical continuity of the land system, referring back to the logic of state governance in land reform in the early days after the founding of the People’s Republic of China is a prerequisite for understanding the present state land system.