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应用地统计学的方法结合GIS空间分析技术,对海伦市黑土农田区域采集的65个耕层(0~20cm)土壤样本进行了数据处理,并对其全碳、碱解氮、速效磷和速效钾含量的空间分异特征进行了研究和探讨。结果表明,海伦黑土全碳、碱解氮和速效钾半变量函数曲线的理论模型符合高斯模型,速效磷的理论最佳模型为球状模型。全碳、碱解氮和速效磷表现为中度空间相关,其空间变异受结构性因子和随机因子的影响各占一半。速效钾属于高度空间相关,其变化主要受结构性因子的影响。土壤全碳与碱解氮具有显著的正相关,二者在空间分布上吻合度较高。全碳和碱解氮都与速效钾呈显著负相关。地统计学分析土壤养分的空间变异特征和1978年海伦县自然资源综合考察对黑土农田土壤肥力调查的结果具有相同的异质性。利用地统计学分析的方法,对区域农业生产合理布局、综合治理水土流失都具有重要的意义。
According to the method of geostatistics and the GIS spatial analysis technique, the data of 65 soil layers (0 ~ 20cm) collected in the black soil farmland in Helun City were analyzed. The effects of total carbon, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, The spatial heterogeneity of potassium content was studied and discussed. The results show that the theoretical model of semivariable curve of Heilongjiang black soil is consistent with Gaussian model and the theoretical best model of available phosphorus is spherical model. Total carbon, available nitrogen and available phosphorus showed moderate spatial correlation, and their spatial variability was affected by both structural and random factors. Available potassium is highly spatially related and its changes are mainly affected by structural factors. There was a significant positive correlation between soil total carbon and available nitrogen, both of which had a good agreement in spatial distribution. Total carbon and available nitrogen both showed significant negative correlation with available potassium. Geostatistical analysis of the spatial variability of soil nutrients and natural resources in Helen County in 1978 a comprehensive survey of soil fertility on black soil farmland survey results have the same heterogeneity. The use of geostatistical analysis of the method of rational distribution of agricultural production in the region, comprehensive management of soil erosion are of great significance.