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以优质粳稻品种Lemont与高产籼稻品种特青为亲本培育的高代双向回交导入系为材料,在温室140 mmolL-1 NaCl胁迫条件下定位影响苗期叶片盐害级别(SST)、幼苗存活天数(SDS)、地上部K+浓度(SKC)和地上部Na+浓度(SNC)及人工气候室条件下影响地上部K+、Na+浓度的QTL。双向导入系的大部分遗传背景与各自的受体亲本相同,其中Lemont背景导入系中轮回亲本Lemont的基因组平均占83.8%,特青背景导入系中轮回亲本特青基因组平均占88.9%。各耐盐相关性状在两个背景群体中均出现超亲分离,多数性状的频率分布呈相互重叠状态,表明双亲作为供体相互导入各耐盐性状基因的效应大致相当。两个背景导入系群体中分别检测到影响上述耐盐相关性状的QTL各18个,同一性状在两个背景导入系中未能检测到任何相同表达的QTL,表明耐盐QTL表达具有很强的遗传背景效应,同时也说明这些耐盐QTL的效应可能较小。温室和人工气候室两种环境下仅在特青背景导入系中检测到1个影响SKC的相同QTL,表明耐盐QTL与环境的互作非常明显。虽然双亲均表现中等感盐,但QTL定位结果表明双亲中都存在一些提高耐盐相关性状的有利等位基因。研究认为,利用分子标记技术挖掘“隐蔽”于育成品种中的耐盐基因,进一步利用分子标记辅助选择技术对这些非等位耐盐基因进行聚合,完全有可能提高育成品种的耐盐水平。
The high-yielding two-way backcross inbred lines, which were cultivated with high-quality japonica rice Lemont and high-yielding indica rice Teqing, were used as materials to determine the effects of salt stress level (SST), seedling survival days SDS, SK + K and SNC in shoots and K + and Na + in shoots under artificial climate conditions. Most of the genetic backgrounds of the two-way inbred lines were the same as their parental counterparts. Lemont’s genome was accounted for 83.8% of the recurrent parent Lemont in the Lemont background and 88.9% of the Cyclobalanopsis thaliana genomes on the Teqing background. All salt-tolerance-related traits were super-pro-segregated in two background populations, and the frequency distributions of most traits overlapped each other, indicating that the effect of parents as donors to each salt-tolerant trait gene is roughly equivalent. There were 18 QTLs affecting these salt-tolerance-related traits in the two background inbred lines, respectively. The same trait failed to detect any QTL for the same expression in the two background inbred lines, indicating that the QTLs for salt-tolerant QTLs are very strong Genetic background effects, but also shows that these salt-tolerant QTL effects may be smaller. The same QTL affecting SKC was detected only in Tetragen’s introduction lines in both greenhouse and climatic chambers, indicating that the interaction between salt tolerant QTLs and the environment is very significant. Although both parents showed medium salt, QTL mapping showed that there were some favorable alleles in both parents to improve salt-tolerance-related traits. The study suggests that the use of molecular marker technology to mine the salt-tolerant genes of “hidden” in cultivated varieties and further utilize the molecular marker-assisted selection technique to polymerize these non-allelic salt-tolerant genes is entirely possible to increase salt tolerance of breeding varieties .