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自然资源是人类赖以生存和发展的重要物质基础和经济基础。在资源枯竭和环境污染日益严重的今天,必须重新认识自然资源的价格。文章从可持续发展的视角研究了自然资源的价格构成成分及其相互之间的关系,提出自然资源的价格由内部价值和外部性成本构成,内部价值包括天然价值和人工价值,外部性成本包括环境成本、生态成本和代际补偿成本。只有清楚认识自然资源的价格构成及其关系,才能为自然资源的定价提供客观科学的依据。
Natural resources are the important material foundation and economic foundation for mankind’s existence and development. Today, when resources are exhausted and environmental pollution is worsening, the price of natural resources must be re-recognized. From the perspective of sustainable development, this paper studies the price components of natural resources and their relations with each other. It points out that the price of natural resources is composed of internal value and external cost. The internal value includes natural value and artificial value. The external cost includes Environmental costs, ecological costs and intergenerational compensation costs. Only with a clear understanding of the price structure of natural resources and their relations can we provide an objective and scientific basis for the pricing of natural resources.