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目的探讨体育活动对青少年内隐问题行为(焦虑、抑郁、孤独)的影响,以及情绪调控的中介效应,为提高青少年心理健康水平提供参考。方法采用体育活动问卷、内隐问题行为问卷和情绪调控问卷,对安徽省金寨县17所小学五、六年级2 951名学生进行调查。结果体育活动是在焦虑、抑郁、孤独上主效应均有统计学意义(F值分别为5.264,9.450,8.886,P值均<0.05);体育活动类型在焦虑、抑郁、孤独上主效应均无统计学意义(F值分别为0.596,0.085,1.390,P值均>0.05)。情绪调控在体育活动量与焦虑之间起着完全中介效应(β=-0.532,t=-34.068,P<0.01),中介效应占总效应59.4%;在体育活动量与抑郁(β=-0.563,t=-37.002,P<0.001)、孤独(β=-0.226,t=-12.592,P<0.01)之间均起部分中介效应,中介效应占总效应分别为48.1%,22.9%。结论青少年参与体育活动对降低内隐问题行为既有直接积极作用,又可通过情绪调控起间接积极作用。
Objective To explore the effect of physical activity on adolescent implicit behavior (anxiety, depression and loneliness) as well as the mediating effect of emotion regulation, so as to provide reference for adolescent mental health. Methods A total of 2 951 students in the fifth and sixth grades of 17 primary schools in Jinzhai County, Anhui Province were investigated by using physical activity questionnaire, implicit problem behavior questionnaire and emotion regulation questionnaire. Results The main effects of physical activity on anxiety, depression and loneliness were statistically significant (F = 5.264, 9.450, 8.886, P <0.05 respectively). There were no significant differences in the main types of physical activity between anxiety, depression and loneliness Statistical significance (F values were 0.596,0.085,1.390, P values were> 0.05). Emotional control played a complete mediating role between physical activity and anxiety (β = -0.532, t = -34.068, P <0.01), and intermediated effect accounted for 59.4% of the total effect. In physical activity and depression (β = -0.563 , t = -37.002, P <0.001), and loneliness (β = -0.226, t = -12.592, P <0.01). The mediating effect accounted for 48.1% and 22.9% of the total effect, respectively. Conclusion Adolescents’ participation in physical activities has both direct and positive effects on reducing implicit problems and indirectly and indirectly through emotional regulation.