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文章主要围绕婚俗这一主题,通过婚姻观念、婚礼仪式、过程以及婚姻、家庭、社会等视角对中国塔吉克女性社会角色进行考察和研究。在婚姻观念里,塔吉克女性的婚姻观反对独身,存在早婚现象;在婚礼仪式前,塔吉克女性角色在订婚、提亲、定亲和送彩礼中均有所体现;在婚礼过程中,更是通过新郎迎亲、神圣的“尼卡”、哭嫁离娘、揭面纱等仪式反映塔吉克女性的社会身份;在婚姻视角中,塔吉克社会保有一夫一妻制的婚姻制度和严格的家长制;在家庭视角中,塔吉克女性地位的成因与传统文化、社会性别观、经济依附关系和教育弱化有密切关系。因此,在社会进程中,塔吉克女性自觉和塔吉克社会自觉是改善塔吉克女性地位的两条重要途径。
The article mainly focuses on the theme of marriage customs, and conducts an investigation and study on the social roles of Tajik women in China through the perspectives of marriage, wedding ceremony, process, marriage, family and society. In the view of marriage, Tajik women’s concept of marriage opposes celibacy and there is the phenomenon of early marriages. Before the wedding ceremony, the Tajik women’s role was reflected in the engagement, marriage, kissing, and bride price giving ceremony. In the wedding ceremony, , The sacred “Nikica”, the ceremony of crying and marrying the bride, revealing the veil and so on reflect the social identity of Tajik women. In the marriage perspective, the Tajik society maintains a monogamous marriage system and strict patriarchal system. From a family perspective The causes of the female status in Tajikistan are closely related to the traditional culture, the gender perspective, the economic attachment and the weakening of education. Therefore, in the social process, Tajik women’s self-awareness and self-awareness in Tajikistan are two important ways to improve the status of women in Tajikistan.