利用光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)等分析技术研究了在6082铝合金中添加Er,Y对其微观组织和力学性能的影响,从理论上分析了Er,Y的作用机制。实验结果表明,Er,Y在合金中的作用主要有两种:一是偏聚于晶界,吸附组织中Fe,Mn,Cu等元素,形成Al3Er,Al3Y等化合物相,对晶界有强化作用。二是改善基体晶界上粗大化合物相,使之破碎,分裂成细小块状,减小应力集中影响,改善合金塑性。在6082铝合金中添加Er,Y元素都可以明显细化晶粒。 The effects of Er and Y addition on the microstructure and mechanical properties of 6082 aluminum alloy were investigated by optical microscope (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) Theoretical analysis of the mechanism of Er, Y. The experimental results show that there are mainly two kinds of Er and Y in the alloy: one is segregation on the grain boundary, and the other is Fe, Mn and Cu, forming Al3Er, Al3Y and other phases, strengthening the grain boundaries . The second is to improve the matrix grain boundary coarse compound, so that broken, split into small lumps, reducing the impact of stress concentration and improve the plasticity of the alloy. Add 6082 aluminum alloy Er, Y elements can be significantly refined grain.