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综述了聚氨酯/碳纳米管复合材料制备研究中碳纳米管的修饰方法及其复合材料的制备方法。碳纳米管的修饰方法包括共价修饰和非共价修饰,两种方法都可以有效改善碳纳米管在聚氨酯中的分散性。然而,共价修饰法会削弱碳纳米管的强度,非共价修饰层则容易脱落。因此,人们发展出了复合修饰法。该复合材料中的制备方法包括溶液共混法、熔融混合法和原位聚合法。评述了未来的发展趋势,提出朝简单、环保的方向改进碳纳米管的修饰方法,形成系统化的碳纳米管分散性评价的量化标准,发展出适应复合材料工业化生产线的制备方法,将是今后研究的重点。
The modification of carbon nanotubes in the preparation of polyurethane / carbon nanotube composites and the preparation methods of the composites were reviewed. Modification methods of CNTs include covalent modification and non-covalent modification. Both methods can effectively improve the dispersion of carbon nanotubes in polyurethane. However, the covalent modification method will weaken the strength of carbon nanotubes, non-covalent modification layer is easy to fall off. Therefore, people developed a composite modification method. The preparation method in the composite material includes solution blending method, melt mixing method and in situ polymerization method. The trend of the future development is reviewed. The modification methods of carbon nanotubes in the direction of simple and environmental protection are proposed, and the quantitative criteria for evaluating the dispersibility of carbon nanotubes are systematically developed. The preparation method for the industrialized production line of composite materials is to be developed in the future The focus of the research.