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目的：探讨胆道镜在胆总管探查术中的应用。方法：对经B超、CT以及MRCP检查为胆总管结石或肝内、外胆管结石的56例患者采取常规取石后再经胆道镜检查，并对其临床效果行回顾分析。结果：本组56例患者中共有39例患者采取常规取石后再经胆道镜检查发现有结石残留。其中胆总管结石11例，肝内、外胆管结石20例，胆总管结石并肝内胆管1例；经胆道镜检查取石，胆总管结石取净9例（81．8％），肝内、外胆管结石取净18例（90％），经胆道镜检查发现胆总管良性狭窄2例，术中镜下活检5例，发现胆总管下段肿瘤1例。结论：在胆总管探查术中应用胆道镜大大降低了术后残石率以及2次手术率，并能有效减少医源性胆道损伤和并发症的发生。且操作简便快捷、手术安全、疗效可靠。“,”Objective:To discuss the application of choledochoscope in common bile duct exploration .Methods:56 patients were con-firmed with extrahepatic or intrahepatic bile duct calculus by B ultrasound , CT and MRCP .They were detected by choledochoscope after endoscopic sphincterotomy .The clinical effect was analyzed retrospectively .Results:Calculi residue was found in 39 patients after detected by choledochoscope after endoscopic sphincterotomy .Among those cases, common bile duct calculi was found in 11 cases, extraphepatic or intrahepatic bile duct calculus was found in 20 cases and common and intrahepatic bile duct calculus was found in 1 case.With the cho-ledochoscope examination, the common bile duct calculus was totally extracted in cases (81.8%) and the extraphepatic or intrahepatic bile duct calculus was totally extracted in 18 cases (90%).The benign steosis of common bile duct was found in 2 cases.Endoscopic bi-opsy was found in 5 cases.Tumors in the distal common bile duct were found in 1 case.Conclusion:The residue calculus and secondary surgery rate were significantly lowered by the application of holedochoscope in common bile duct exploration .The incidences of iatrogenic bile duct injury and complications would also be lowered by this application .This method was simple , safe, easily operated with reliable curative effect.