黔南州3~6岁农村布依族与苗族儿童维生素D营养状况及骨密度的比较研究

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目的:探讨黔南州3~6岁农村布依族与苗族儿童维生素D营养状况及骨密度水平,并比较两民族相关影响因素的差异,为少数民族贫困地区农村儿童骨骼生长发育的研究提供依据。方法:2012年1~12月共收集1 147名儿童作为研究对象,按民族分为布依族组(589名)和苗族组(558名),两组按年龄均分为4个年龄组,3岁、4岁、5岁和6岁年龄组。分别进行问卷调查,测量两组各年龄段儿童身高、体重、骨密度及血清25羟维生素D〔25-(OH)D〕、骨特异性碱性磷酸酶(BAP)、甲状旁腺激素(PTH)含量,并对影响维生素D营养状况相关因素进行Logistic多元回归分析。结果:①两民族维生素D营养状况检查结果比较:布依族组589人中,严重缺乏3人(0.51%),缺乏7人(1.19%),不足187人(31.75%),充足392人(66.55%),中毒0人(0.00%);苗族组558人中,严重缺乏18人(3.23%),缺乏25人(4.48%),不足179人(32.08%),充足336人(60.22%),中毒0人(0.00%)。②两民族儿童维生素D营养状况影响因素比较:布依族组鸡蛋摄入量、动物肝摄入量、鱼类摄入量、牛奶摄入量、酸性食物、腌制或高磷食品、家庭经济收入等与苗族组比较,差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.01)。③两民族实验室检查指标比较:布依族组各年龄段儿童血清25-(OH)D3、BAP、PTH含量与苗族组比较,差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.01)。④两民族骨发育指标比较:布依族组各年龄段儿童身高、BMD含量与苗族组比较,差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.01)。结论:黔南州农村布依族与苗族3~6岁儿童维生素D营养状况有一定的差别,其影响因素为鸡蛋摄入量、动物肝摄入量、鱼类摄入量、牛奶摄入量、酸性食物、腌制或高磷食品、家庭经济收入等。 Objective: To investigate the nutritional status and bone mineral density of vitamin D in Buyi and Miao children from 3 to 6 years old in Qiannan Prefecture, and to compare the differences between the two ethnic groups, so as to provide basis for the study of bone growth and development in rural children in minority poor areas. Methods: From January to December 2012, a total of 1,147 children were collected and divided into Buyi group (589) and Miao group (558) by ethnicity. The two groups were divided into 4 age groups by age, 3 Years old, 4 years old, 5 years old and 6 years old. Questionnaire survey was conducted to measure the height, weight, bone mineral density, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25- (OH) D), bone specific alkaline phosphatase (BAP) and parathyroid hormone (PTH) in children of all ages ) Content, and the impact of vitamin D nutritional status related factors Logistic multiple regression analysis. Results: (1) Comparison of the results of vitamin D nutrition status among the two ethnic groups: Among the 589 people in Buyi group, 3 were seriously lacking (0.51%), 7 were lacking (1.19%), 187 were less than 31.75% %), Poisoned 0 (0.00%); Miao group of 558 people, a serious lack of 18 people (3.23%), the lack of 25 people (4.48%), less than 179 people (32.08% 0 poisoning (0.00%). (2) Comparison of influencing factors on nutritional status of vitamin D between two ethnic groups: Buyi’s egg intake, animal’s liver intake, fish intake, milk intake, acidic food, pickled or high phosphorus food, household economic income Compared with Miao group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). (3) Comparison of the indexes of two ethnic labs: The content of 25- (OH) D3, BAP, PTH in Buyi group were significantly different from that in Miao group (P <0.01). (4) Comparison of bone development indexes between two ethnic groups: The height, BMD content of children in Buyi group were significantly different from those in Miao group (P <0.01). Conclusion: The nutritional status of vitamin D in Buyi and Miao children aged 3 ~ 6 in Qiannan Prefecture is different from that of other children in Qiannan Prefecture. The influencing factors are egg intake, liver intake, fish intake, milk intake, Acidic foods, pickled or high-phosphorus foods, household income and more.
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