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随着人口结构老龄化、病原体变迁、免疫损害宿主增加以及抗生素耐药率上升,社区获得性肺炎(CAP)患病率逐年增加,其诊断和治疗面临许多新的问题。CAP中5%~15%为吸入性肺炎(AP)。AP是指吸入口咽分泌物、胃内容物造成的吸入性感染性肺炎,也可以继发于无菌胃液或其他液体、固体物质吸入后引起的化学性肺损伤。AP可发生于任何年龄,但以老年人居多。引起AP的危险因素包括:脑血管或神经系统疾病(如癫痫发作)、呕吐或吞咽困难、头颈部
With the aging of population structure, the change of pathogens, the increase of immunocompromised hosts and the rise of antibiotic resistance rate, the prevalence of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is increasing year by year. There are many new problems in the diagnosis and treatment of CAP. CAP 5% to 15% of aspiration pneumonia (AP). AP refers to inhaled infectious orogenic pneumonia caused by oropharyngeal secretions, stomach contents, can also be secondary to sterile gastric fluid or other liquids, chemical lung injury caused by inhalation of solid substances. AP can occur at any age, but mostly in the elderly. Risk factors for AP include: cerebrovascular or neurological disorders (such as seizures), vomiting or dysphagia, head and neck