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由大豆疫霉菌（Phytophthora sojae Kaufmann ＆Gerdemann,异名 P.megasperma var.sojae Hildebrand,P.megasperma f.sp.glycinea Kuan and Erwin,P.sojaef.sp.glycinea Faris et al.）引起的大豆疫霉根腐病是严重影响大豆生产的毁灭性病害之一。该病害1948年首次发现于美国印第安纳州,并迅速成为美国大豆的重耍病害。50a来,人们对大豆疫霉根腐病进行了广泛深入的研究,但该病害仍未得到持续有效的控制。目前大豆疫霉根腐病已广泛发生于世界大部分大豆生产区,其中在美国、加拿大、阿根廷、意大利等主要大豆生产国造成严重损失。如1998年美国因大豆疫霉根腐病造成的产量损失为114.9万t,仅次于大豆胞囊线虫的为害。鉴于大豆疫霉根腐病的破坏性和毁灭性,大豆疫霉菌从1986年开始被列为我国的对外检疫重要性病原菌,1993年被国家正式公布为一类进境植物检疫重要性病原菌。
Phytophthora sojae (Phytophthora sojae Kaufmann & Gerdemann, Synonyms P. megasperma var. Sojae Hildebrand, P. megasperma f. Sp.glycinea Kuan and Erwin, P. sojaef. Sp. Glycinea Faris et al. Rot is one of the devastating diseases that severely affect soybean production. The disease was first discovered in Indiana in 1948 and rapidly became a major disease in U.S. soybeans. In the past 50 years, extensive and in-depth research has been conducted on Phytophthora sojae, but the disease has not yet been continuously and effectively controlled. At present, Phytophthora sojae has occurred extensively in most of the soybean producing areas in the world, causing serious losses in the major soybean producing countries such as the United States, Canada, Argentina and Italy. For example, in the United States, the yield loss caused by Phytophthora sojae in 1998 was 1.149 million tons, second only to that of soybean cyst nematode. In view of the destructive and destructive nature of Phytophthora infestans, Phytophthora sojae has been listed as the pathogen of the importance of external quarantine in our country since 1986 and was formally declared as a pathogen of import quarantine importance by the state in 1993.