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河套地区主栽近30年的小麦品种永良4号出现了植株整齐度下降、抗性衰退和品质变劣等严重现象,深入了解永良4号的性状变化情况,对指导生产有重要意义。对27年间区试资料中永良4号主要经济性状指标与产量进行了相关性、回归和通径等分析,结果表明,该品种主要经济性状已经发生明显变异,其中千粒重下降成为产量稳定性的主要负面效应之一。当前,针对河套地区的实际情况,在品种选育时注重高千粒重、多穗型新品种选育。
The nearly 30-year-old wheat cultivar Yongliang No.4 in Hetao area had serious phenomena such as decreased plant tenacity, resistance decline and quality deterioration. It is of great importance to guide the production in depth to understand the changes of the traits in Yongliang No.4. The correlations, regression and path analysis of the main economic traits and yield of Yongliang No.4 in the regional trial data during the past 27 years were carried out. The results showed that the main economic traits of the cultivars had been significantly changed, of which the 1000-grain weight decreased to yield stability One of the main negative effects. At present, according to the actual situation in Hetao area, we should pay attention to the breeding of new varieties with high grain weight and multi-spike when breeding.