目的:探讨小儿遗尿症的临床特点。方法:收集668例确诊为遗尿症儿童的性别、年龄、遗传史等资料,然后进行腰骶椎平片、泌尿系统超声及血微量元素等检查。结果:遗尿症儿童发病年龄多见于5岁～7岁;男女比例为1.6:1。天气变化如阴雨天为主要诱发因素;伴随症状主要表现为学习困难,占55.1%,其次是抽动、多动占15.6%;性格特点主要表现为胆小内向,占44.6%,脾气急躁占35.5%。有遗尿家族遗传史者占40.2%。腰骶椎隐裂占89.8%。微量元素锌缺乏占57.9%。结论:儿童遗尿症与多种因素有关,应综合治疗。 Objective: To investigate the clinical features of childhood enuresis. Methods: The data of 668 children diagnosed as enuresis were collected, such as sex, age and genetic history, and then were examined by plain radiography, urinary system ultrasound and blood trace elements. Results: The onset age of enuresis children more common in 5 years old to 7 years old; male to female ratio was 1.6: 1. Weather changes such as rainy days as the main predisposing factors; with symptoms mainly manifested as learning difficulties, accounting for 55.1%, followed by tic and more movements accounted for 15.6%; personality traits mainly manifested as timid introverted, accounting for 44.6%, temper temper 35.5% . Have enuresis family history accounted for 40.2%. Lumbosacral spondylolysis accounted for 89.8%. Trace elemental zinc deficiency accounts for 57.9%. Conclusion: Enuresis in children is related to many factors and should be treated comprehensively.