化学教师在讲授过程中应充分利用课本中的图、表,并指导学生如何学习这些图、表。根据平时教学的体会,我认为可从以下三方面来指导学生学习图、表:一、寻找规律,便于记忆。二、查出特殊,研究原因。三、相互比较,弄懂道理。举例来说,高一课本“核外电子的运动状态”这一节中,有一张“几种元素的电离能”的表。退过寻找可得出三条规律:①对同种元素来说,第一电离能小于第二电离能,依次类推,即Ⅰ_1<Ⅰ_2<Ⅰ_3<……②对同一周期的元素来说,随核电荷数的 Chemistry teachers in the teaching process should make full use of the text in the chart, table, and guide students how to learn these diagrams, tables. According to the usual teaching experience, I think from the following three aspects to guide students to learn map, table: First, find the law for easy memory. Second, find out special, study the reason. Third, mutual comparison, understand the truth. For example, in the high textbook section entitled “Movement states of extranuclear electrons”, there is a table of “ionization energies for several elements.” Looking back to find three laws can be drawn: ① for the same element, the first ionization energy is less than the second ionization energy, and so on, that I_1 <Ⅰ_2 <Ⅰ_3 <... ② ② elements of the same period, with the nucleus The number of charges