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目的探讨子宫内膜异位症发病的相关危险因素。方法采用病例对照研究方法,病例组为112例盆腔子宫内膜异位症患者,对照组为224名健康女性对照,用问卷调查收集病例组和对照组的一般情况、子宫内膜异位症发病影响因素等信息。结果单因素分析发现:经期天数、月经量、痛经、产次、人流次数或者宫腔操作史、不孕、哺乳史、吸烟是子宫内膜异位症发病的相关因素(均P<0.05)。多因素非条件logistic回归分析发现:经期天数>6 d、痛经、人流次数或者宫腔操作史≥3次是子宫内膜异位症发病的危险因素(OR=8.207、5.954、6.821,95%CI=3.005~15.024、2.149~7.115、2.352~9.187),月经量少、产次多是子宫内膜异位症发病的保护因素(OR=0.337、0.035,95%CI=0.102~0.525、0.019~0.138),未发现不孕、哺乳史、吸烟是子宫内膜异位症发病的相关因素(均P>0.05)。结论积极调节月经使之周期规律并缓解痛经,做好计划生育,减少人工流产或者不必要的宫腔操作,可以有效预防子宫内膜异位症的发生,提升女性生活质量。
Objective To explore the related risk factors of endometriosis. Methods A case-control study was conducted in 112 patients with pelvic endometriosis in the case group and 224 healthy women in the control group. The general conditions of the case group and the control group were collected by questionnaire survey. The incidence of endometriosis Influencing factors and other information. Results Univariate analysis showed that menstrual days, menstrual flow, dysmenorrhea, delivery times, the number of abortions or intrauterine operation history, infertility, lactation history and smoking were all related factors of endometriosis (all P <0.05). Multivariate non-conditional logistic regression analysis showed that dysmenorrhea, the number of abortions or intrauterine operation≥3 times were the risk factors of endometriosis (OR = 8.207,5.954,6.821,95% CI = 3.005 ~ 15.024,2.149 ~ 7.115,2.352 ~ 9.187), menstruation less, the production of many times is the protective factor of endometriosis (OR = 0.337,0.035,95% CI = 0.102 ~ 0.525,0.019 ~ 0.138 ). No infertility, lactation history and smoking were found to be associated with the incidence of endometriosis (all P> 0.05). Conclusions Positive regulation of menstrual cycle to alleviate dysmenorrhea, family planning, reduce abortion or unnecessary uterine cavity operation can effectively prevent the occurrence of endometriosis and improve the quality of life of women.