Discipline construction is development core of a professional research institute. The paper describes function,guiding ideology,and construction of discipline construction,based on giving a national-level professional research institute directly under the Ministry of Science and Technology,as an example. Furthermore,according to current situation of discipline construction in a professional research institute,the paper discusses development ideas of discipline construction. The final goal of the paper is to provide basis and reference for reinforcing discipline construction of professional research institutes. Discipline construction is development core of a professional research institute. The paper describes function, guiding ideology, and construction of discipline construction, based on giving a national-level professional research institute directly under the Ministry of Science and Technology, as an example. according to current situation of disciplinary construction in a professional research institute, the paper discussion development ideas of disciplinary construction. The final goal of the paper is to provide basis and reference for reinforcing discipline construction of professional research institutes.