葛兰西认为,统治阶级通过操纵市民社会的各种机构和组织,大力传播该阶级的世界观和思想体系,使广大群众把它作为一种“常识”接受下来,从而建立起资产阶级的领导权并巩固其统治。所以,他主张无产阶级应采取“阵地战”的革命战略,通过逐步扩大自己在市民社会的阵地,战胜统治阶级的意识形态,争得广大人民群众的支持,孤立和包围并最终夺取国家政权。“有机的”知识分子在意识形态领导权的建构中具有重要作用,其最根本的意义在于使无产阶级获得一种自觉的政治实践意识,形成具有共同斗争方向的集体意志,而马克思主义的实践哲学就是无产阶级先进的有机的意识形态。 Gramsci believes that the ruling class, through manipulating the various institutions and organizations of civil society, has vigorously disseminated the class’s world outlook and ideological system and has enabled the broad masses to accept it as a “common sense,” thus establishing a bourgeois Take the lead and consolidate its rule. Therefore, he advocates that the proletariat should adopt a revolutionary strategy of “positional warfare.” By gradually expanding its position in civil society and overcoming the ideology of the ruling class, it has won the support of the broad masses of the people, isolated and surrounded and eventually seized the country regime. The “organic” intellectuals play an important role in the construction of ideological leadership. The most fundamental significance of this is that the proletariat acquires a conscious awareness of political practice and forms a collective will with a common struggle direction. Marxism The practical philosophy is the advanced and organic ideology of the proletariat.