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筛选出土壤速测比色法 ,制作了土壤含水量、酸碱度 ( pH)、有机质、铵态氮、硝态氮、速效磷、速效钾7个项目的“土壤速测比色卡” ,采用土壤速测法和土壤养分常规分析法对数十个土样测定得出 :土壤 pH、有机质、速效磷两法测定结果间的相关性为极显著水平 ,常规分析与速测比色卡分析测定结果之比值 (换算系数 )的平均值分别为 0 .98,1 .4 3 ,0 .99。土壤速效钾 ,两法测定结果间呈正相关关系。制定了速测法土壤有机质、速效磷、速效钾、酸碱度 ( pH)四项目分别分为 7,7,6,6个级别的分级指标 ,同时对数十个土壤测定结果进行了分级。根据土壤速测法有机质、速效磷、速效钾等测试值、目标产量需肥量等因素 ,确定施肥品种及数量 ,建立了水稻N ,P ,K肥施用量对应表。应用养分分级指标及N ,P ,K肥施用量对应表指导 1 3个同田对比试验 ,产量提高 1 1 .5%,N ,P2 O5利用率分别提高 9.2 ,6.3个百分点 ;指导平衡配套施肥 1 997～ 1 998两年完成 7县示范面积 2 .3 3万hm2 ,平均单产达 60 0 .1kg/667m2 ,推广面积 1 3 .4 9万hm2 ,平均单产 569.0kg/667m2 ,较前 3年平均增产 1 1 3 .2kg/667m2 ,共增产稻谷 2 2 90 6.1 73 6万kg ,新增总产值 2 93 4 3 .2 2 1 2万元。
Soil fastness colorimetry was selected and soil fastness colorimetric card was made with 7 items of soil water content, pH value, organic matter, ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium. Rapid determination and soil nutrients routine analysis of dozens of soil samples were determined: the correlation of soil pH, organic matter, available phosphorus two test results was extremely significant level, routine analysis and quick test colorimetric card analysis and determination results The ratio (conversion factor) of the average values were 0.98,1 .4 3,09. Soil available potassium, the results of two tests showed a positive correlation between. The soil organic matter, available phosphorus, available potassium and pH (pH) of the rapid test were divided into 7, 7, 6 and 6 grades respectively, and scores of soil determination results were graded. Based on the soil organic matter, available phosphorus, available potassium and other test values, the required yield of the target yield and other factors, the fertilization varieties and quantities were determined, and the application tables of N, P and K fertilizers were established. Application of nutrient grade index and N, P and K fertilizer application rate guidance table in the same field with 13 comparative experiments, the yield increased by 11.5%, N, P2 O5 utilization increased by 9.2, 6.3 percentage points; to guide the balanced application of fertilization From 1997 to 1998, the demonstration area of 7 counties was 23,300 hm2 in two years, with an average yield of 60.01kg / 667m2 and a promotion area of 133,900hm2 with an average yield of 569.0kg / 667m2. Compared with the previous three years An average increase of 113.2kg / 667m2, a total increase of paddy 2 2 90 6.1 73 60,000 kg, the new total output value of 2 93,432.21 million.