目前国内外学术界对马克思主义理论体系存在着许多误解。造成这些误解的一个很重要的原因 ,就是没有完整、准确地理解马克思唯物史观的出发点。本文认为 ,马克思恩格斯新唯物主义区别于以往唯心史观的不在于他们把“现实的人”作为唯物史观的出发点 ,而在于他们对“现实的人”作出了科学的规定 ,从而找到了一条从主客体的对立统一来考察和研究社会历史的科学方法 At present, there are many misunderstandings to the theoretical system of Marxism in academia at home and abroad. A very important reason for these misunderstandings is the failure to fully and accurately understand the starting point of Marx’s historical materialism. This paper argues that the difference between Marx and Engels’s neo-materialism and the previous idealist view of history is not that they regard “people in reality” as the starting point of their historical materialism, but that they have made scientific provisions on “people in reality” and thus found a To study and study the scientific method of social history from the unity of opposites of subject and object