大漠南北的草原地带历来是北方游牧民族活动的历史舞台。匈奴便是在这一舞台之上纵横驰骋最早而与中原交往最密切的北方游牧民族。从公元前3世纪至公元前1世纪，他们的势力非常强大，东破东胡河南玉地，西击月氏与西域诸国，北服丁零及西北的坚昆①。其足迹最西达到今中亚的威 The grassland areas in the north and south of the desert have always been the historical stage of nomadic activities in the north. Xiongnu is in this arena first ride on the vertical and Central Plains contact most closely northern nomads. From the 3rd century BC to the 1st century BC, their forces were very powerful. They broke the southern jade of the East Hu River in the east, attacked the Western Regions of the Moon and the Western Regions in the east, Jian zero in the north and Jiankun in the northwest. Its most recent trail reaches the prestige of Central Asia