提单(BillofLading)是承运人或其代理人在收到货物后签发给托运人的一种证件,它体现了承运人与托运人之间的相互关系。在“象征性”交货的国际贸易中,提单是全套单据的核心单据,提单的有效性问题是买卖双方、开证行、付款行等当事人关注的焦点。而单证实务操作表明,提单的有效 Bill of Lading is a document issued by the carrier or his agent to the shipper upon receipt of the goods, which reflects the interrelationship between the carrier and the shipper. In the “symbolic” delivery of international trade, the bill of lading is the core of a full set of documents, the validity of the bill of lading is the focus of buyers and sellers, issuing bank, paying bank and other parties concerned. The documents show that the practical operation of the bill of lading effective