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目的分析引起呼吸机相关性肺炎的相关医源性危险因素及常见病原菌,探讨防控对策。方法收集2013年6月-2015年6月医院行机械通气患者250例,回顾性分析呼吸机相关性肺炎发生的危险因素、病原菌分布。结果呼吸机相关性肺炎与年龄、APACHEⅡ评分、意识状态、机械通气时间和方式、呼吸机管道的污染等因素有关。结论呼吸机相关性肺炎的医源性危险因素多,除一般性预防外,应该尽早行无创通气,减少气管插管、缩短机械通气时间、加强人工气道管理,合理使用抗菌药及糖皮质激素以减少呼吸机相关性肺炎的发生。
Objective To analyze the related iatrogenic risk factors and common pathogens that cause ventilator-associated pneumonia and to explore the control strategies. Methods A total of 250 patients with mechanical ventilation were collected from June 2013 to June 2015 in our hospital. The risk factors and pathogens distribution of ventilator-associated pneumonia were retrospectively analyzed. Results Ventilator-associated pneumonia was related to age, APACHE II score, consciousness state, time and mode of mechanical ventilation, and contamination of ventilator pipeline. Conclusions There are many iatrogenic risk factors of ventilator-associated pneumonia. In addition to general prevention, noninvasive ventilation should be performed as soon as possible to reduce endotracheal intubation, shorten the duration of mechanical ventilation, strengthen artificial airway management, rational use of antimicrobial agents and glucocorticoid To reduce the occurrence of ventilator-associated pneumonia.