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目的:探讨不同儿茶酚胺氧位甲基化转移酶(Catechol-O-Methyltransferase,COMT)基因型少年围棋选手在长时间较大强度脑力负荷的条件下工作记忆能力的变化情况。方法:按照被试者的COMT不同基因型,COMT Val158Val组(Val/Val基因型被试者)随机抽取10人,COMT Val158Met组(Val/Met基因型被试者)随机抽取8人,COMT Met158Met组(Met/Met基因型被试者)6人,三组共24名不同COMT基因型少年围棋选手参加连续数字3-back任务相关的脑电测试,以观测被试者在连续工作记忆任务中记忆能力和视觉事件相关电位的差异。结果:将24名被试者持续1小时的3-back任务的正确率作为行为学指标,Val/Met型被试者的成绩与Val/Val型和Met/Met型被试者相比,记忆任务成绩最差,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);在Cz、Pz电极,Val/Met基因型被试者P300波幅低于Val/Val型和Met/Met型被试者,两组之间的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01);在前额区的Fz电极上,Val/Met型被试者P300波幅低于Val/Val型,两组之间的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01),Met/Met组P300波幅居中。结论:COMT基因多态性存在人种差异,不同COMT基因多态型的围棋选手在工作记忆任务中表现不同。
Objective: To investigate the changes of working memory ability of juvenile Go players with different Catechol-O-Methyltransferase (COMT) genotypes under long-term intensive mental stress. Methods: According to the different COMT genotypes of the subjects, 10 patients were randomly selected from the COMT Val158Val group (Val / Val genotype subjects), 8 were randomly selected from the COMT Val158Met group (Val / Met genotype subjects), COMT Met158Met (Met / Met genotype subjects) 6, three groups of 24 different COMT genotypes young Go players to participate in continuous digital 3-back task-related EEG test to observe the subjects in the continuous working memory task Differences between memory and visual event related potentials. Results: The correct rate of 3-back tasks of 24 subjects for 1 hour was taken as the behavioral index, and the scores of Val / Met subjects were compared with those of Val / Val type and Met / Met subjects (P <0.01). At the Cz and Pz electrodes, the amplitude of P300 in Val / Met genotypes was lower than that in Val / Val and Met / Met subjects, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P <0.01). The amplitude of P300 in patients with Val / Met was lower than that of Val / Val in the Fz electrode in the forehead region, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P < P <0.01). The P300 amplitude of Met / Met group was middle. Conclusion: There are ethnic differences in COMT gene polymorphism. Go players with different COMT polymorphisms perform differently in working memory tasks.