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目的探讨脑动脉粥样硬化患者中医证型与颈动脉超声改变的相关性研究。方法对78例脑动脉粥样硬化患者进行中医证型分型，并检查患者颈动脉的超声改变情况；比较不同证型患者在颈动脉内膜-中层厚度、斑块积分、斑块性质的差异。结果①脑动脉粥样硬化患者的中医证型主要为痰浊、血瘀、气虚和肾虚；②不同中医证型斑块性质差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)；③脑动脉粥样硬化患者的痰浊型、血瘀型与Crouse 积分呈正相关(r痰浊型=0.79, r血瘀型=0.76)。结论脑动脉粥样硬化的病机为本虚（气虚、肾虚）标实（痰浊、血瘀）；痰浊证及血瘀证是脑动脉粥样硬化的高危因素，与颈动脉超声改变密切相关。“,” Objective To observe the relation for cerebral atherosclerosis TCM syndromes and carotid ultrasound changes. Methods: carotid intima - media thickness, plaque score, plaque nature of differences, TCM type in 78 cases of cerebral atherosclerosis in patients were detected. Results: ①the mainly types of TCM in cerebral atherosclerosis in patients were phlegm, blood stasis, qixu and shenxu. ②there is significantly different in TCM plaque. ③there were positive correlation between Cerebral atherosclerosis in patients with type phlegm, blood stasis and Crouse score(R phlegm = 0.79, R stasis = 0.76).conclusions: Cerebral atherosclerosis disease base on virtual (qi, kidney) and biaoshi (phlegm, blood stasis), phlegm and blood stasis is the brain atherosclerosis risk factors, and is closely related to changes in carotid ultrasound .