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目的为了解梧州市外环境霍乱弧菌的存在和水产品的污染状况,掌握其菌型、分布、毒力等动态变化情况,为霍乱防控工作提供科学依据。方法采集梧州市两城区各大集贸市场销售摊档水产品、熟食制品、市区河水和池塘水(每年5~10月监测)以及医院腹泻就诊病人(每年1~12月监测)样品,并对其进行霍乱弧菌监测。结果熟食制品(600份)、腹泻病人大便标本(7 693份)均未检出霍乱弧菌。河水、池塘水和海水产品阳性率为2.9%(69/2 375)。其中O1群占91.3%(63/69),O139群占8.7%(6/69);O1群血清学分型:稻叶型49.3%(34/69),小川型42.0%(29/69)。各血清型CT毒力基因均为阴性。结论梧州市外环境水体、海水产品受霍乱弧菌污染严重,且菌株型多元化,应予继续加强监测,以防具毒力致病菌株流行扩散。
Objective To understand the existence of Vibrio cholerae and the pollution status of aquatic products in the external environment of Wuzhou City and to master the dynamic changes of the bacteria type, distribution and virulence so as to provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of cholera. Methods Samples of aquatic products, cooked food products, urban river and pond water (monitored from May to October each year) and hospitalized patients with diarrhea (monitored from January to December every year) were collected from major trade markets in the two cities of Wuzhou. Vibrio cholerae was monitored. Results Vibrio cholerae were not detected in cooked food products (600) and in stool samples of diarrhea patients (7 693). The positive rate of river water, pond water and seawater products was 2.9% (69/2 375). O1 group accounted for 91.3% (63/69), O139 group accounted for 8.7% (6/69); O1 serological classification: 49.3% (34/69) of rice leaves, Ogawa type 42.0% (29/69). Each serotype CT virulence genes were negative. Conclusion The water and seawater products outside Wuzhou City are seriously polluted by Vibrio cholerae and their strains are diversified. Monitoring should be strengthened to prevent the epidemic spread of virulent pathogenic strains.