目的　探讨小儿热性惊厥复发的危险因素。方法　对 10 5例热性惊厥患儿的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果　 10 5例患儿中复发 6 1例 (5 8.1% )。首发年龄 8个月～ 3岁 5 2例 (4 9.5 % ) ,初发体温 <39℃ 4 7例 (4 4 .8% ) ,有热性惊厥家族史者 4 5例 (4 2 .9% ) ,缺铁性贫血 35例 (33.3% ) ;低钠血症 39例中惊厥≥ 2次 2 4例 (6 1.5 % ) ,而血钠正常 31例中惊厥≥ 2次仅 3例 (9.7% ) (P <0 .0 1) ;6 0例患儿心肌酶谱有不同程度的升高。结论　①首发年龄小、初发体温低、热性惊厥家族史阳性、缺铁性贫血及低钠血症均为复发的危险因素。②对于缺铁性贫血、低钠血症及伴有心肌损害的患儿应积极治疗 Objective To explore the risk factors of recurrence of pediatric febrile seizures. Methods The clinical data of 105 children with febrile seizures were retrospectively analyzed. Results Totally 61 recurrent cases were found in 105 children (5 8.1%). The first episode was 5 months (age range, 8 months to 3 years, 52.5%), initial onset temperature was 39 ℃, 47 cases (44.8%), and family history of febrile seizures was 45 cases (42.9% ), Iron deficiency anemia in 35 cases (33.3%); hyponatremia in 39 cases of convulsions ≥ 2 times 24 cases (6 1.5%), while the serum sodium in 31 cases of convulsions ≥ 2 times only 3 cases (9.7% ) (P <0. 01); 60 cases of children with varying degrees of myocardial enzymes increased. Conclusions ① The first episode of young age, hypothermia in the first episode, positive family history of febrile seizures, iron deficiency anemia and hyponatremia are all risk factors for relapse. ② For iron deficiency anemia, hyponatremia and myocardial damage in children should be actively treated