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底面摩擦仪是在近十多年来,国外、国内先后建立和发展起来的地质力学试验设备装置。其主要特点是试验直观性强,全过程清楚,试件易干制备,对多种材料破坏判据的定性度好,能模拟所有三大类(洞室、边坡、基础)工程地质结构体。有待改进的主要方面,是建立模拟真实岩体应力状态的三向加力装置和尽可能地使测试手段定量化。一、原理和方法在地质力学模型试验中,底面摩擦模拟法,主要是建立一个以代替岩体自重应力、地应力和工程荷载应力等的,并对应产生在模型中相似应力的力学体
The bottom friction instrument is a geomechanical test equipment set up and developed successively in foreign countries and domestically in the past ten years. Its main features are the strong intuitiveness of the test, the clear process, and the easy preparation of specimens. It has a good degree of accuracy for the destruction criteria of various materials and can simulate all three major types of engineering geologic structures (cavities, slopes, and foundations). . The main aspects to be improved are the establishment of a three-way force-applying device that simulates the stress state of a real rock mass and the quantification of test methods as much as possible. I. Principles and Methods In the geomechanical model test, the bottom friction simulation method is mainly to establish a mechanical body that replaces the self stress of the rock mass, the ground stress and the engineering load stress, and corresponds to the similar stress generated in the model.