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目的对深圳市福田区2012—2014年水痘发病情况进行流行病学分析,为水痘的防控工作提供理论策略。方法对福田区2012—2014年水痘发病的时间、地区、年龄、职业分布等情况进行描述流行病学分析。结果福田区2012—2014年共报告水痘病例1 565例,年平均发病率为39.37/10万。男女性别比为1.17∶1。冬、春季高发,高峰分布在5—7月和11月至次年1月;发病年龄主要集中在0~15岁年龄段;同期报告31起暴发疫情,主要发生在小学。结论福田区托幼机构和小学是水痘的高发场所,应采取综合措施,防止其暴发流行,同时应加大宣传力度,提高适龄儿童的疫苗接种率,建议调整水痘疫苗免疫程序。
Objective To analyze the epidemic situation of chickenpox from 2012 to 2014 in Futian District, Shenzhen, and to provide a theoretical strategy for the prevention and control of chickenpox. Methods Epidemiological analysis of the time, area, age and occupational distribution of chickenpox in Futian District from 2012 to 2014 was carried out. Results A total of 1 565 chickenpox cases were reported in Futian District from 2012 to 2014, with an average annual incidence of 39.37 / 100 000. The male-female ratio is 1.17: 1. The high incidence of winter and spring, the peak distribution in May-July and November to January next year; onset age mainly in the 0 to 15 age group; the same period reported 31 outbreaks, mainly in primary schools. Conclusion The nurseries and primary schools in Futian district are the high incidence of chickenpox. Comprehensive measures should be taken to prevent their outbreak. At the same time, publicity efforts should be intensified to raise the vaccination rate of school-age children. It is suggested that the vaccination program be adjusted.