1/3以上的系统性红斑狼疮患者出现神经体征:抽搐发作、精神改变、偏瘫、颅神经功能不全和神经病等。大多数患者有外眼肌损害,许多患者视网膜也有改变,这是由于局部血管受损的结果。常可见到视乳头水肿而不伴有视力缺失。失明是少见的,这归因子皮层或视网膜的损害。Ester(1971)报告150例系统性红斑性狼疮患者中,进行性失明伴有视神经萎缩者 One third or more of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus develop neurological signs: seizures, mental changes, hemiplegia, cranial nerve dysfunction and neuropathy. Most patients have external ophthalmic damage, and many patients also have changes in the retina, which is due to local vascular damage results. Often see papilledema without loss of vision. Blindness is rare, attributed to cortical or retinal damage. Ester (1971) reported 150 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, progressive blindness associated with optic nerve atrophy