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实现生产井产量最大化需要了解进入井眼中的流体类型和流量。多相流体流入井口的最佳条件和精确度的确定需要两个主要测量值:①持率,或采出相在井中的横截面积;②速度,或采出相流动的速度。生产测井的最新发展可以达到这些基本要求:多探头技术可识别持油率、持气率和持水率;多转子流量计可确定大斜度井中的层流速度。脉冲中子测井技术能够提供与产水测量相关的两项服务:①水流测井测量水流速度;②三相持率测井确定各相持率。测量水的速度和持水率或是确定因井斜改变而造成的相特性变化时,能获得进水量的定量测量值。研究结果和NigerDelta的两个实例证明,这种确定近水平井中出水层的低成本方法是可行的,尽管疏松砂岩或岩屑可能造成传感器损坏。这些理论同样适用于其他持水率高、水速快的高含水井。
Maximizing production well productivity requires understanding the type and flow of fluid entering the wellbore. The determination of the optimum conditions and accuracy for the multiphase fluid to flow into the wellhead requires two main measurements: (1) the rate of holding, or the cross-sectional area of the producing phase in the well, (2) the speed, or the rate of phase flow. Recent advances in production logging have met these basic requirements: Multi-probe technology identifies oil retention, gas holdup, and water holding capacity; multi-rotor flow meters determine laminar velocity in highly deviated wells. Pulsed neutron logging technology can provide two services related to water production measurement: (1) water logging to measure water flow rate; (3) three-phase rate logging to determine each phase holding rate. Measuring water velocities and water holding rates, or determining changes in phase characteristics due to changes in wellbore, can yield quantitative measurements of influent. The results of the study and two examples of NigerDelta demonstrate that this low-cost method of determining the effluent layer in a near-horizontal well is viable, although unconsolidated sand or debris may cause sensor damage. These theories are equally applicable to other high-water-bearing wells with high water holding rates and high water velocities.