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目的优选钩藤中生物碱的提取工艺条件,制定出最佳提取工艺方案。方法采用离子液体-微波法提取,以4种代表生物碱(钩藤碱、异钩藤碱、去氢钩藤碱和异去氢钩藤碱)含量作为指标,通过单因素实验考察离子液体浓度、液料比、提取时间和pH值4个因素对提取率的影响,并通过均匀设计法优选最佳提取工艺参数。实验中用高效液相色谱法测定钩藤4种代表生物碱的含量。结果钩藤中生物碱的最佳提取条件为:选用0.54 mol.L-1离子液体[C4MIM]BF4的水溶液为提取溶剂,pH值调至1.42,液料比100∶1 mL.g-1,提取时间8 min。钩藤中4种代表生物碱的质量分数达2.52 mg.g-1。结论该提取工艺操作简便合理,重复性良好,具有可行性。
OBJECTIVE To optimize the extraction conditions of alkaloids from Uncaria rhynchophylla, and to develop the optimum extraction process. Methods The contents of four representative alkaloids (rhynchophylline, isoniagluran, rhynchophylline and rhynchophylline) were determined by ionic liquid-microwave method. The concentration of ionic liquid , Liquid to liquid ratio, extraction time and pH value of four factors on the extraction rate, and through uniform design optimization of optimal extraction process parameters. In the experiment, the contents of four representative alkaloids of Uncaria macrophylla were determined by HPLC. Results The optimum extraction conditions of alkaloids from Uncaria rhynchophylla were as follows: 0.54 mol.L-1 ionic liquid [C4MIM] BF4 was used as the extraction solvent, the pH value was adjusted to 1.42, the ratio of liquid to solid was 100:1 mL.g-1, Extraction time 8 min. Uncaria 4 representative alkaloids mass fraction of 2.52 mg.g-1. Conclusion The extraction process is simple, reasonable, reproducible and feasible.