针对管壳式换热器折流板背部存在流动死区的问题,以低温油封冷却器为研究对象,采用计算流体动力学技术对低温油封冷却器折流板开孔后的整体性能进行机理研究.研究结果表明:折流板背部存在大量的旋涡是导致流动死区的直接原因,折流板开孔后能够形成垂直于折流板的射流,对流动死区有明显改善作用。折流板开孔后,壳程压降有较大的降幅,同时传热系数也有降低,但降低幅度远远小于降低幅度。在等换热面积和等压降情况下,折流板开孔冷却器传热系数可以提高10%. Aiming at the problem of the dead zone in the back of the baffle of shell and tube heat exchanger, taking the low temperature oil seal cooler as the research object, the mechanism of CFD baffle perforated with CFD was studied by computational fluid dynamics The results show that there are many vortices in the back of the baffle, which are the direct cause of the dead zone of flow, and the baffle can form a jet perpendicular to the baffle after drilling, which can obviously improve the flow dead zone. Baffle openings, the shell-side pressure drop has a larger decline, while the heat transfer coefficient also decreased, but the reduction is far less than the rate of decrease. Under equal heat transfer area and equal pressure drop, baffle plate perforated cooler heat transfer coefficient can be increased by 10%.