目的　探讨脂多糖 (LPS)对感染卡介苗巨噬细胞表达细胞因子的影响。方法　用ELISA方法比较单独巨噬细胞组 ,巨噬细胞 +卡介苗 +LPS组 ,巨噬细胞 +卡介苗组以及巨噬细胞 +LPS组细胞因子表达的差异。结果　单纯巨噬细胞组产生较少量的IL 12 ,TNF α ,LPS能刺激巨噬细胞组特别是感染卡介苗巨噬细胞组产生大量的IL 12 ,TNF α。与单纯巨噬细胞组相比 ,LPS也不能有效地刺激巨噬细胞产生更多的IL 1,IL 2 ,IL 18和IFN γ。结论　LPS能诱导巨噬细胞 (包括卡介苗感染巨噬细胞 )产生更多的TNF α和IL 12 ,而有利于宿主的免疫应答。提示LPS及其同系物有潜力作为抗结核药物和疫苗或其佐剂 Objective To investigate the effect of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on the expression of cytokines in BCG-infected macrophages. Methods The expression of cytokines in macrophages + BCG + LPS group, macrophages + BCG group and macrophages + LPS group were compared by ELISA. Results In macrophages alone, a small amount of IL 12 was produced. TNFα and LPS stimulated macrophages, especially those infected with BCG macrophages, to produce large amounts of IL 12 and TNFα. LPS also failed to effectively stimulate macrophages to produce more IL 1, IL 2, IL 18, and IFN γ than simple macrophages. Conclusion LPS can induce macrophages (including BCG-infected macrophages) to produce more TNFα and IL 12, which is beneficial to the host’s immune response. Suggesting that LPS and its homologues have potential as anti-TB drugs and vaccines or adjuvants