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目的了解2011-2013年天津市市售蔬菜中农药残留状况,为保障食品安全、加强监管提供科学依据。方法2011-2013年随机采集市售蔬菜859份,按照《国家食品中化学污染物及有害因素监测工作手册》检测氨基甲酸酯类农药、拟除虫菊酯类农药、有机磷类农药、有机氯类农药;依据《食品安全国家标准食品中农药最大残留限量GB2763-2012》进行判断。结果 2011-2013年共监测市售蔬菜859份,3年来监测农药种类17、23、49种,样本超标率依次为12.33%、16.67%、10.77%。其中,氨基甲酸酯类农药超标率依次为4.00%、9.00%、2.32%;拟除虫菊酯类农药超标率依次为0.00%、0.67%、3.86%;有机磷类农药超标率依次为8.33%、8.33%、8.89%;有机氯类农药超标率为0.00%。结论有机磷农药使用最为普遍,超标情况比较复杂,氨基甲酸酯类农药和拟除虫菊酯类农药也存在一定的超标现象。
Objective To understand the status of pesticide residues in vegetables sold in Tianjin from 2011 to 2013 and provide scientific basis for food safety and supervision. Methods A total of 859 commercially-available vegetables were collected from 2011 to 2013. Carbamate pesticides, pyrethroid pesticides, organophosphorus pesticides and organic chlorine pesticides were tested according to the “Manual for Monitoring Chemical Contaminants and Hazardous Factors in Foods” ; Based on “National Food Safety Standard Maximum Residue of Pesticides GB2763-2012” to judge. Results A total of 859 commercially-available vegetables were monitored in 2011-2013 and 17,23 and 49 pesticides were monitored over the past three years. The over-sample rates were 12.33%, 16.67% and 10.77%, respectively. Among them, the rates of over-standard carbamate pesticides were 4.00%, 9.00% and 2.32% respectively. The over-standard rates of pyrethroid pesticides were 0.00%, 0.67% and 3.86% respectively. The over-standard rates of organic phosphorus pesticides were 8.33% and 8.33% %, 8.89%; the excessive rate of organic chlorine pesticides is 0.00%. Conclusion The most common use of organophosphorus pesticides, exceeding the situation is more complicated, carbamate pesticides and pyrethroid pesticides also exist some excessive standards.